Ap Us History Outline Essay Example for Free

Ap Us History Outline EssayGeneral Information Use your recap text, other history text books, and/or reliable internet sources to complete to each one of the five (5) outlines over U.S. history from exploration through the Civil state of war. Be sure that all terms are defined and specific information is added under each topic. We will use this work in class over the first several weeks of school. All of this work should be placed in a folder and turned in by the designated date. This should be typed. You will extremity much more space than provided below. Adjust the spacing when you type your work.Native Cultures Early ExplorationDo you remember this topic from elementary or mediate school? Brainstorm any information that you remember. In 1492 Columbus sailed the ocean blueThe first bulk to discover the fine-tune were the nomads that traveled over the land bridge from Asia The Mayflower brought the first British pilgrimsThe Native Americans showed the pilgrims how to g row maizePilgrims introduced the plague to Native AmericanWhen/where for first arrivalsChristopher Columbus and his crew landed on the Canary Islands on October 12, 1492.List shares of North America and the Native groups living in eachSoutheast- Cherokee,Seminole, Apalachee, CatawbaChickasaw, Choctow, Coushatta, Creek, Houma, Lumbee, Miccoukee, TimacuMid Atlantic/Northeast- Piscataway, Lenape, Powhatan, Yaocamico, Algonquin, Iroquios, Narrangansett, Nipmuc, Peqet, Pokanoket, WampanogGreat Lakes- Cippewa, Fox, Shawnee, Huron, Kickapoo, Menominee, Miami, Oneida, Onondaga, Ottowa, Potawatomi, WinnebagoGreat Plains- Sioux, Blackfeet, Cheyenne, Comanche, Arapoho, Crow, Dakota, Kiowa, Mandan, Osage, Pawnee, WichtaCalifrornia/Mountains- Paiute, Shoshone, Cahuilla, Chemihuevi, Chumash, Costanoan, Diegueno, Hupa, Luiseno, Maidu, Pomo, UtePacific Northwest- Spokane, Aleut, Athabascan, Chinook, Colville, Coos, Nez Perce, Puget backbreaking Salish, Quileute, Quinault, Tlihgit, TulalipSouthwes t- Navajo, Apache, Pueblo, Hopi, Keres, Maricopa, Mojave, Tohono Oodham, Pima, Yaqui,Yuma, ZuniColumbus the Columbian exchange-The Columbian Exchange refers to the transcontinental movement of animals, foods, plants, and diseases after 1492.II.Age of Exploration (1420 1620)What developments/changes BEFORE this while that had an impact on exploration?Politicalthe junction of small states into larger ones with centralized political powerTechnological compass, astrolabe, cross staff, hour glass, the Spanish galleonReligious the Protestant Reformation as a consequence of The RenaissanceMilitary The change in the way people payed for wars and the sudden need for a strong military was western Europes reaction to the challenges of warfare in the new age of gunpowder weaponsEconomicThe rise of capitalism created a largely urban middle class committed to expanding markets. As more people looked to buy products and goods, national and international trade interests grew .Nations/ Their ex plorer(s)/ study Reasons Motives forExploration/Location/SuccessPortugal Treaty of TordesillasFerdinand Magellan- first voyage around the gentlemanChristopher Columbus- discovered the spic-and-span World landed in Bahamas on first voyage Bartholomeu Dias- lead voyage around Cape of Good Hope (southern consummation of South Africa) Pedro Alvarez Cabral- first European to see BrazilThe Treaty of Tordesillas was created to settle disputes between Spain and Portugal over land discovered by Columbus. MotivesWealth cash, silver and spices positionIncreasing opportunities for Portuguese tradeSpreading the Catholic ReligionSpainChristopher Columbus- financed by Spain and claimed much of the crude World in the name of Spain Vasco Nunez de Balboa- crossed the Isthmus of waterman and claimed the Pacific Ocean for Spain Juan Diaz de Solis- landed in UruguayHernan Cortes- founds Veracruz in MexicoMotivesWealthPowerPrestigeIncreasing opportunities for Spanish tradeSpreading the Catholic re ligion building a Spanish EmpireFranceJaques Cartier- landed in NewfoundlandSamuel de Champlain- established Port Royal in pre direct day Nova Scotia, founded Quebec Sieur de Bienville- founded New OrleansMotivesGold work out French EmpireTo capture and sell American animals furs in France4. EnglandSir Frances Drake- circumnavigates the worldSir Walter Raleigh- The Discovery of Guiana and establishing the Virginia colony of Roanoke Island Sir Humphrey Gilbert- established St. tooshies, NewfoundlandMotivesWealth (failed)Competition with Spain and FranceSpreading ChristianityC. Other European powers exploring the New World/Areas Claimed/Goals of ColoniesDutch- Henry Hudson was an Englishman who was sent by the Dutch he landed in Labrador and headed south, down the coast. Colonized New Netherlands and New AmsterdamII.English colonisation in North America1 Motives of English immigrantsescape religious prosecutioneconomic (business investments overseas)place to work for unemployedmore political license2 Types of Colonial organizationRoyal- owned by the queen regnantProprietary- land grants from British Government to colonists Self-governing- set up ongovernment seperate of the crown (King at any time could revokeprivillage and declare the colony a Royal Colony)Thirteen English Colonies (complete chart in detail) Be able to compare/contrast.The Thirteen English Colonies division Date of FoundingFounder or People associated with Early History of Colony Environment, Economy, and Labor of the Region Notes on the Early History of the Colony wherefore it was founded, the role of religion in these colonies significant characteristics, terms, and/or laws New England Plymouth and Plymouth 1620 101 colonists left England to head for the Virginia Colony in 1620. It was very cold in the New England colonies, Massachusetts Mass. Bay 1630 However, the Mayflower was blown off course and landed in but this helped prevent the spread of deadly present-day Cape an noy and the town they established on December 21, diseases (although it did non stop it). The 1620 was named Plymouth. harsh winters killed many. The land was covered in hills and rocky soil. There was a short growing season, so the natural resources such as fish, whales, trees, and fur became the most reliable sources for survival. The towns were to support the religion of the Puritans, who did not tolerate other religious views. Connecticut 1636 John Winthrop, Thomas Dudley, and other non-separatist Puritans founded the colony. The first Governor, John Endecott, was a staunch Puritan who percecuted anyone with opposing views. Rhode Island 1636 Roger Williams was a Protestant minister who sought separation from the Church of England. finally he was tried in Salem and banished for his views. He purchased land from the Narragansett Indians and founded Providence, Rhode Island. New Hampshire 1623 In 1623, under the authority of an English land-grant, Captain John Mason sent David Thomson, a Scotsman, and Edward and Thomas Hilton, fish-merchants of London, with a number of other people in two divisions to establish a fishing colony in what is now New Hampshire, at the mouth of the Piscataqua River Middle Colonies New York 1625 Originally called New Netherlands, was so named in honor of the DukeThese colonies are politically, socially, and of York to whom the territory was apt(p) on its conquest from its economically diverse. The rich land in first settlers, the Dutchwho came for trade and furs. Pennsylvania and the easy access to the ports are the reason the Middle Colonies are agricultural and industrial. This region experienced the most religious pluralism. New Jersey 1664 New Jersey was sold by the Duke of York to George Carteret and Lord Berkley. It was colonized majorly for farming and trade. Pennsylvania 1681 The King granted the land to William Penn, who set s ail from England August of 1682 with Captain Greenway and the soon-to-be colonists, who were mostly Quakers. Delaware 1638 Peter Minuit was Dutch and formed New Sweden as part of New Netherland. When Charles II, King of England gave his brother James, the Duke of York, New Netherland, James demanded and received its surrender. He renamed New Sweden to Delaware Southern Colonies Maryland 1632 The territory was named Maryland in honor of Henrietta Maria, the The founders of these colonies came for the queen consort of Charles I. It was founded by Lord Baltimore, sole purpose of making money. The area is because he had attempted to settle in Virginia and was rejected for almost entirely agricultural, so there was a being a Catholic.high need for slaves due to the increasing demand for labor. The most common religion was Anglican. Jamestown and Virginia 1607 Virginia was founded by John Smith, who is remembered for his role of establishing th e first immutable English settlement in America, Jamestown. This was the first prosperous English colony, which did very well. With all of its exports and imports, it was able to sustain itself very easily North Carolina Carolinas 1663 The Carolinas were settled by proprietors, who were successful due NC 1712 to the rich soil for farming and the available wildlife for fur trading. South Carolina Carolinas 1663 The Carolinas eventually split into the modern day North and South SC 1712 Carolinas because of general cultural differences. Georgia 1732 James Oglethorpe was a British general from London, who joined the army when he was 18, in 1714. later on he had become successful in the army, he was assigned to establish a new colony, Georgia, in 1732. Thiswas the last English colony to be founded in America. General Social/ heathen InformationProblems of early settlement Jamestown, Plymouth, and Massachusetts Bay Jamestown-diffi cult to produce harvest in the virginian soilspent all of their time looking for gold when they should have been preparing for survival had disputes with natives over landPlymouth-the settlers arrived at the very beginning of winterthere was such a severity of food shortage that people resorted to cannibalism. Massachusetts Bay-most succumbed to disease or starvationReligion ideas, important people and eventsThe colonies were mostly that of Puritans, Quakers, and Anglicans.Social ideasIf a man was absent from church, he would not be given his provisions for the week. For multiple offenses he could be whipped, or even hanged. major citiesPhiladelphia, New Amsterdam (changed to New York in 1674), Albany, Boston, Newport, Jamestown, Williamsburg, Annapolis, Charleston, Savannah, Providence, Baltimore, and Alexandria Labor faithfulness/politics/major steps toward democracyEconomic issues/relations with Britain (define mercantilism) Problemsa.Health people often died of starvation or m alnourishment. Disease also spread rapidly in the colonies. b.Cities settlers had to develop their own form of government that was acceptable to the people of the colony. Indians (New England Indian wars of 17th century)Both the Europeans and the Native Americans had a sense of superiority overeach other. This of course resulted in many disputes over things such as land. The New England Indian Wars of the 17th century include the French and Indian War of 1688-1763. These battles were a struggle for land and power, and resulted in the near-death of the indigenous tribes of eastern North America. Rebellions against authority (Bacons, Leislers, Paxton Boys, Regulators, Popes) Bacon In the New England Indian Wars of the 17th century, Nathaniel Bacon, Jr. rebelled against the authority of Governor of Virginia Sir William Berkley. After Bacon began his own group of volunteer Indian fighters and raiding a couple Indian camps, he was taken by Berkleys men and made to appologize to Berkley and the council for his actions. After without delay being pardonned, Bacon demanded to be named a General in the forces against the hostile natives. Reluctantly, Berkley gave in. The Enlightenment/Great AwakeningFrench and Indian War/Seven Years War (1754 1763)For any war that we study, you should gather the following information. This will NOT be repeated on each outline.Major cause(s) (incl. spark)The French and Indian War resulted from ongoing frontier tensions in North America as both French and British imperial officials and colonists sought to extend each countrys sphere of enamour in frontier regions.Major people/heroes (and what they did)William Johnson- He was one of the most successful negotiators with the Native Americans. Later he would lead the British to victory in the Battle of Lake George in 1755.William Pitt- Pitt assumed leadership of the British ministry in December 1756. His aggressive new policies for the war were a crucial part of routine the lunar time per iod in Britains favor in the latter half of the war.James Wolfe- Major British general who led the British to victory in the Battle of Quebec.Major events (incl. turning point concluding battles)May 28, 1754 George Washington lead a successful surprise attack on the French. His troops retreat and establish citadel Necessity. July 3, 1754 The French take Fort NecessityJune 17, 1755 The British seize AcadiaMay 8, 1756 Britain declares war on FranceAugust 8, 1757 The commander-in-chief of the French forces, Louis-Joseph de Montcalm takes Fort William Henry. The infamous massacre occurs. The turning point began when William Pitt took over wartime operationsAdvantages/disadvantages of each sideFrance had the support of most of the Native American tribes. New Frances government was more uniform, and was able to communicate to opposite areas more efficiently. While the colonies were more separate and had issues with communication, their navy was much stronger and had a population 15 tim es that of New France, so it was easier for the British to defend attack.Major strategies/plansThe French kept most of their forces in Europe, hoping a victory closer to home would be more beneficial. They sent barely any troops or supplies to their colonies.The British were almost always able to effectively blockade ports and prevent the trade and distribution of French trade and supplies.Costs (casualties/financial)In The French and Indian War there were 13,000 casualties and 40 million Pounds were spent.G. Results (treaties, land changes, PERMITS)The French and Indian War resulted in The Treaty of Paris.